Executive Order 9066 Facts and the
Japanese Internment Camps
Franklin D Roosevelt was the 32nd American President who served in office from
March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945. One of the important events during
his presidency was the Executive Order 9066 and the establishment of
the Japanese internment camps.
Executive Order 9066 Facts
for kids
The following fact
sheet contains interesting information, history and
facts on Executive Order 9066 for kids.
Executive Order 9066
Facts for kids: Japanese Internment Camps
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 1: Following the
surprise attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941 the
United States declared war on Japan and many American
people became suspicious of all Japanese Americans.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 2: In the hours following the
attack on Pearl Harbor, the FBI arrested over 1,200 Japanese
immigrants who held as potential threats to national security. They
were held in War Relocation Authority (WRA) incarceration camps or
transferred to U.S. Army internment camps.
Executive
Order 9066 Facts - 3: The U.S. Department of the
Treasury froze the assets of all citizens and resident aliens who
were born in Japan
Executive Order
9066
Facts -
4: The Japanese
treatment of US and Filipino forces in the Philippines
during the Battle of Bataan which started on 7 January
1942 increased the belief that Japanese Americans could
not be trusted and must be incarcerated to prevent
possible espionage and sabotage.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 5: President Roosevelt came under
pressure from the military, politicians and the public to remove
people of foreign descent from sensitive areas of the country,
especially the West Coast with its long tradition of
anti-Japanese sentiment, as a safeguard against espionage and
sabotage
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 6: The Justice Department
initially resisted the implementation of relocation orders
questioning the constitutionality of such an action and whether it
was a military necessity. The War Department took control and
relieved the Justice Department of any responsibility for the
implementation of such an order.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 7: On February 19,
1942, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed Executive
Order 9066 granting the War Department powers to create
military exclusion areas.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 8:
The purpose of Executive Order 9066 was to protect
"against espionage and against sabotage to national
defense materials".
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 9:
Executive Order 9066 gave the US military broad powers
to relocate any citizen from a 60 mile coastal area
stretching from Washington state to California,
extending inland into southern Arizona to military
controlled assembly areas.
Executive Order 9066
Facts -
10:
In practice Executive Order 9066 was used almost
exclusively to intern Americans of Japanese descent
although it was also used in a far lesser degree to
intern Americans of German and Italian descent.
Executive Order 9066
Facts -
11: On April 9, 1942,
the Wartime Civilian Control Administration (WCCA),
later the War Relocation Authority (WRA), was
established by the Western Defense Command to coordinate
the forced removal of Japanese Americans to inland
internment camps.
Executive
Order 9066 Facts - 12: General John L. DeWitt issued over 100 military
orders for the removal and incarceration of Japanese ancestry living
in the West Coast states.
Executive
Order 9066 Facts - 13: Ironically, people of Japanese ancestry in Hawaii
were not removed or incarcerated.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 14: Evacuation orders were posted
in Japanese American communities giving instructions on how to
comply with Executive Order 9066. Many Japanese American families
sold their homes, their stores, and most of their assets.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 15: Within months,
approximately 117,000 people of Japanese ancestry,
two-thirds of whom were native-born American citizens,
were removed from regions of the West Coast to Japanese
internment camps such as the one at Manzanar.
Executive Order 9066
Facts for kids: Japanese Internment Camps
Facts
about the Executive Order 9066 Facts for kids
The following fact
sheet continues with interesting information, history and facts
on Japanese Internment Camps and Executive Order 9066 for kids.
Executive Order 9066
Facts for kids: Japanese Internment Camps
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 16: Until the Japanese internment
camps were completed, many of the evacuees were held in temporary
centers, such as the stables at local racetracks.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 17: A total of 10 Japanese
internment camps were established and military style barracks were
constructed to incarcerate the people who had been relocated. The
Japanese internment camps were built in remote, barren areas of
seven western states. Manzanar was the first of the ten Japanese
internment camps to be completed.
Manzanar internment camp,
located in California, was opened in March 1942 and held 10,046
Tule Lake internment camp,
located in California, was opened in May 1942 and held 18,789
Poston internment camp,
located in Arizona, was opened in May 1942 and held 17,814
Gila River internment
camp, located in Arizona, was opened in July 1942 and held
13,348
Granada internment camp,
located in Colorado, was opened in August 1942 and held 7,318
Heart Mountain internment
camp, located in Wyoming, was opened in August 1942 and held
10,767
Minidoka internment camp,
located in Idaho, was opened in August 1942 and held 9,397
Topaz internment camp,
located in Utah, was opened in September 1942 and held 8,130
Rohwer internment camp,
located in Arkansas, was opened in September 1942 and held 8,475
Jerome internment camp,
located in Arkansas, was opened in October 1942 and held 8,497
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 18: The Spartan conditions of
Japanese internment camps, in remote and barren areas of the US,
were surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards. Families including
their children were housed in cramped "tar paper-covered barracks of
simple frame construction without plumbing or cooking facilities of
any kind." The people ate in military style mess halls. There was no
privacy and people were forced to live in the harsh conditions for
up to 4 years.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 19: The Japanese internment camp
at Tule Lake was eventually was used as a detention center for
people believed to pose a security risk and a "segregation center"
for people and families who were deemed "disloyal" and for those who
were to be deported to Japan.
Executive Order 9066
Facts - 20: President Franklin D. Roosevelt rescinded
Executive Order 9066 in 1944 and the last internment camp was closed
by the end of 1945.
Executive Order 9066
Facts for kids: Japanese Internment Camps
Facts
about
Executive Order 9066 for kids:
The 1988 Civil Liberties Act
According to the Commission on Wartime Relocation
and Internment of Civilians, "were motivated largely by
racial prejudice, wartime hysteria, and a failure of
political leadership." In 1988, Congress passed the
Civil Liberties Act, popularly known as the Japanese
American Redress Bill.
Congress apologized for the action taken to
incarcerate Japanese-Americans at Japanese
internment camps by awarding each surviving
victim of internment $20,000. The act
acknowledged that "a grave injustice was done".
The history of the Executive Order 9066 and the
Japanese internment camps are dark reminders of
the nation's failure to respect the civil
liberties, constitutional rights and cultural
differences of this group of American citizens.
Executive Order 9066 Facts for kids - President Franklin Roosevelt Video
The article on the
Executive Order 9066 and the Japanese internment
camps provides detailed facts and a summary of one of the important events during his presidential term in office. The following
Franklin Roosevelt video will
give you additional important facts and dates about the political events experienced by the 32nd American President whose presidency spanned from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945.
Executive Order 9066 Facts: Japanese
Internment Camps
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Interesting Facts about Executive Order 9066 for kids and schools
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Executive Order 9066 and Japanese Internment Camps Facts for kids
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Executive Order 9066 Facts with important dates and key
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Franklin Roosevelt
Presidency from March 4, 1933 to April 12, 1945
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Fast, fun, Executive Order 9066 Facts for kids
● Facts about Japanese Internment Camps
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